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    改革要敢于啃硬骨头、敢于涉险滩

    时间:2020-08-11 12:27:20 来源:达达文档网 本文已影响 达达文档网手机站

      改革开放要敢于啃硬骨头、涉险滩

     发布时间:2013年02月01日 08:00

     来源:《求是》期号:2013/03作者:荆 棘

      中国的改革开放,经过35年的扬帆远行,已经驶入了激流涌动、暗礁密布的深水区。环顾发展环境,展望改革方向,前进的道路上充满了风险和挑战。怎么办?习近平总书记的回答掷地有声:“改革要敢于啃硬骨头、敢于涉险滩”!这充分彰显了我们党不惧艰难险阻,勇于深化改革开放的巨大政治勇气与历史担当。

      深化改革难,难在哪里?

      事非经过不知难。我国的改革每前进一步都非易事,但整体上说是“摸着石头过河”,经历了一个先易后难的过程:先是在计划经济体制最薄弱的农村开始,逐渐向城市和工业企业推进,并由单项突破向综合改革推进。实践证明,渐进式改革可以降低改革阻力,有利于社会稳定,是中国社会制度与发展阶段的必然选择。但也在一定程度上把涉及政府职能等领域难度较大的改革任务留在了后面,改革越向深层次推进,所触及的矛盾就越深,涉及的利益关系就越复杂。随着时间的推移,之前遗留下来的深层次问题逐渐固化,它们与经济发展进程中出现的新矛盾盘根错节,使得改革日益呈现全局性、综合性特征。越是前行,改革措施之间的关联性就越强,任何单项改革都可能牵涉其他领域,已经很难划清纯粹的经济体制、政治体制或是社会体制的改革边界。这就要求我们深化改革时,更加注重各项改革的相互促进、政策与措施的相互配套,努力做到统筹谋划、协调推进。

      正确处理政府与市场的关系,加快推动政府职能转变,成为深化经济体制改革的核心与关键。由于渐进式改革的累积效应,我国政府职能转变还跟不上市场经济发展的步伐。特别是缺乏有效外部约束时,一些政府职能部门拥有的资源越多,政府官员被利益俘获的风险就越大,更容易扭曲市场经济资源配置的功能,抑制个人和企业等市场主体创业创新的内在动力与活力。当前,深化改革开放碰到的硬骨头,硬就硬在能否处理好政府与市场在资源配置中的关系。必须更加尊重市场规律,更好发挥政府作用,政府必须切实转变职能,成为职能科学、结构优化、廉洁高效、人民满意的服务型政府。这关系到中国社会主义市场经济体制的完善,关系到“两个一百年”宏伟目标的实现,是对党和政府政治勇气与智慧的严峻考验。

      说到底,改革的进程就是调整人们利益关系的过程,必然要触及现有制度结构下的既得利益。改革初期,我国社会结构比较简单,人们的利益诉求基本一致,改革收益明显并具有普惠性质,改革举措容易凝聚人心。但随着改革开放的深入,我国社会结构发生了深刻变动,社会成员之间的利益竞争趋向激烈,人民群众的利益诉求日益多元,一项改革方案的推出与实施很难符合各个群体的全部利益诉求,很可能是有人受益,有人少受益、有些人不受益甚至受损。应当承认,由于改革的不到位和利益协调机制的不完善,一些弱势群体拥有的经济社会资源匮乏,获得的经济发展机会减少,享受到的改革发展成果较少,在经济社会发生转型和变革过程中利益容易受到损害;而另一些人由于种种原因,在改革过程中获得了较多利益,占据了有利的社会地位。换句话说,改革的深入,一方面必然创造出新的红利,另一方面也会对现存利益结构进行再调整,必然要更加注重政策措施的均衡性。

      从总体上说,我国现存利益结构是同经济社会发展的阶段性特征相关联的。在这个利益构成中,其主体部分是合法形成的合理利益,如那些完全通过自己的劳动和资本投入致富的人;有些是合法形成的不合理既得利益,如那些利用不规则的市场机会暴富起来的人,或者通过对某些资源的垄断而获得过高收益的人;还有一些是不合法形成的不当利益,如那些通过特权、腐败等手段获取非法所得的人。这些年来,我国国民收入分配结构出现失衡,居民收入差距拉大,农民工等困难群众利益难以维护,一个重要原因就是相关公共政策没有及时调整,使社会收益分配在一定程度上出现了固化现象。改革开放的全面深化,是要使发展成果由人民共享,让利益分配更多更公平地惠及全体人民。因此,能否打破利益固化形成的藩篱,能否坚定推进那些使人民群众受益更大、更持久、得到实惠更多的改革举措,就成为中国改革开放能否涉过深水区的关键。

      再硬的骨头,也得啃

      改革不能绕路走,也没有成规可循。改革越是深化,风险与阻力就越大,但这不是停顿下来的理由。因为,停滞不前,不仅会使以往的改革成果消失殆尽,更会使拖延改革带来的问题丛生累积,断送中国社会主义市场经济进程。深化改革,不进则退,这不仅是党和政府的坚定信念,更应该成为全国人民的共识与行动。

      改革开放是在不断创造性实践中逐步转变人们的观念、打消人们的疑虑、激发人们投身改革事业中推进的。深化改革仍然要把顶层设计与人民群众的首创精神有机结合起来,努力调动地方、基层的积极性,要把改革的目的、方向告诉大家,引导人们参与进来。要及时纠正改革中出现的问题,特别是人们最关心的改革发展成果是否得以公正公平分配、腐败现象能否得到有效遏制等等,这些已经成为人们评价改革成败得失的重要标准。应该清醒地看到,今天的改革已进入传统体制的深层领域,改革措施的涉及面越来越广,改革收益逐步下降并在短期内难以显现,再也不能期求“一改就灵”、“一抓见效”,再也不能企望通过一场改革就能够很快解决目前存在的所有问题。事实上,存量改革与综合性改革,需要假以时日,很难立竿见影。这就需要整个社会对改革的预期作出相应调整,做好打攻坚战、持久战的准备。我们要善于从社会各阶层、各群体对于深化改革的渴望、或者焦虑、甚或是质疑的各种复杂情绪中,感悟人们对改革的关注,进而透过这种种关注读懂大部分人对深化改革的期待,对实现中国梦的企盼。这,就是深化改革开放的“最大公约数”,是将中国改革开放进行到底的力量所在。

      改革开放要敢于啃硬骨头、涉险滩,也是基于世界政治经济格局的新变化而作出的判断与应对。改革开放,使我们以大国的担当,按照通行规则参与国际事务,融入经济全球化进程。在充分运用两个市场两种资源创造中国增长奇迹的同时,也使我们与整个世界的联系更加密切。环球同此凉热。全球化带来的利益可以分享,危机也会波及。仍在不断发酵的国际金融危机,使中国经济增长屡屡受累。整体趋紧的世界经济环境,缩短了我们解决发展起来之后的问题的“窗口期”。特别是随着中国等新兴国家的发展进步,发达国家一统天下的传统格局已经打破,这不仅引发了中国模式、中国道路的探讨,也带来了中国威胁、中国崩溃的攻讦,“遏制中国”、“围堵中国”的论调不绝于耳,甚至在我国周边带来安全挑战。这些,都使我们从容解决一些棘手问题的空间与余地大大缩小,都更增添了中国持续健康发展的困难与挑战。对此,没有退路,更不能逃避,“爱拼才会赢”,把改革开放进行到底,把中国自己的事情办好。惟此才能强国富民,实现中华民族的伟大复兴。

      有信心,就必能攻坚克难

      改革开放是一场深刻的革命,没有捷径可走,更不能幻想顺水顺风到达彼岸。今天的改革开放,同以往相比,我们面对着更大的压力、更多的阻力,面临着许多新的、不曾遇到过的风险。但是,机遇和挑战并存,希望与风险共生。今日的中国已非昔日之中国,我们已经具备了战胜风险和挑战的强大基础和有力支撑。

      经过30多年的改革开放,我国社会生产力获得了巨大进步,积累了雄厚的物质财富和知识财富,中国经济社会抗风险的能力空前提高;在30多年改革发展历练中,我们党对人类社会发展规律有了更加深刻的认识,形成了把握时机推动改革的政治智慧,熟练掌握了将改革目标与战略转化为实际行动的有效方法;党在领导人民推进改革开放的伟大历史进程中,开辟了中国特色社会主义的道路、形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系、确立了中国特色社会主义制度,为深化改革开放指明了前进的方向,提供了可遵循的制度框架,做好了指导实践的理论准备。只要我们坚持改革的正确方向,努力做到让最大多数人充分分享改革开放和经济发展带来的收益与成果,有效促进改革力度、发展速度和社会可承受程度的统一,就一定能够化解改革开放进程中的困难与风险,推动中国经济社会实现持续健康发展。

      站在新的历史起点上,改革开放的深度决定着中国经济社会发展的速度,更决定着中国实现现代化和中华民族伟大复兴的进度。实践发展永无止境,解放思想永无止境,改革开放也永无止境。改革开放只有进行时没有完成时。中国共产党是居安思危的马克思主义政党,是全心全意为人民服务的政党。越是在风险面前越具有大无畏的政治胆气,越是在困难面前越具有攻坚克难的精神,越是在危急时刻越具有沉着冷静的政治智慧。我们坚信,在以习近平同志为总书记的新一届党中央坚强领导下,勇敢、勤劳、智慧的中国人民必将以大无畏的精神高扬思想解放旗帜,突破思想观念的束缚与利益固化的樊篱,聚合起协调改革的正能量,攻坚克难,一往无前!

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     Trade union work systemTrade union work systemThe staff and workers' CongressChapter I General principlesThe first is to protect my company workers democratic management power, full of enthusiasm and creativity of employees, wisdom run company, this regulation is formulated.Second public companies in the implementation of the board of directors general manager responsibility system under the leadership of the building at the same time, must establish and improve the system of workers' Congress and other democratic management systems, security barrier and play the role of trade union organizations and representatives of the employees table in consideration of the major decision-making enterprises, supervision and supervision of administrative leadership, power and role of safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of workers and so on.Third the trade union committee of the enterprise is the work of the staff and workers' Congress, and is responsible for the daily work of the staff and workers' Congress.Fourth the staff and workers' Congress shall accept the ideological and political leadership of the Party committee, and shall exercise its functions and powers within the limits prescribed by law.Article fifth the staff and workers' Congress shall actively support the general manager to exercise the authority of the management and decision making and the unified command of the production activities.Sixth of workers' Congress of democratic centralism.Second chapter of authorityArticle seventh the staff and workers' Congress shall exercise the following functions and powers::A general manager, to listen to and consider the science about the company's operating principles, long-term long-term planning, the annual plan, the basic construction plan, major technological transformation and technology introduction plan, staff training plan, its own funds allocation and use of the program, and put forward opinions and suggestions, and make a resolution on the implementation of the scheme.Two, consider the company's salary adjustment through the program, the labor protection measures programs, incentives and other important regulatory rules and regulations.Three, to consider the use of the program, the welfare of the staff and workers' welfare programs and other major issues related to the lives of the workers and staff.Four, evaluation and supervision of leading cadres at all levels of the company, and put forward suggestions on punishment and the appointment.In five, the workers' Congress meeting, can by the general manager on behalf of the government, the chairman of the trade union staff representatives signed the system of equal consultation and collective contract, for the common goal for the development of the company, each other is to assume the obligation to ensure the implementation.Staff representative of the third chapterEighth employees of the company in accordance with the law to enjoy political rights were elected as representatives of the employees of cocoa.Article 99 the employees' representatives to the department room or the basic level branch as a unit, directly elected by the workers. The operators, technical personnel and management personnel, leading cadres and young workers, female workers have accounted for a certain proportion, the company and the Department of leadership cadres of the general staff to do the total number of deputies to 55 points.Tenth employees on behalf of the Ministry or the basic unit of the Department of the unit is a single unit of the delegation, elected head..Eleventh staff representatives for implementation of the permanent system of election, once every two years, may be re elected. The election of representatives of the employees table unit employees, elected units and workers have the right to supervise and replace the withdrawal of representatives of the staff and workers units.The rights and obligations of the representatives of the twelfth staff and workers:A table, in the staff representative meeting, have the right to vote, to be elected in voting and voting rights. The right to execute executive Congress resolutions and proposal to implement the situation to be checked.Two, on behalf of workers should work hard to improve their own quality, on behalf of the legitimate interests of workers, and truthfully reflect the opinions and demands of the masses of workers, law-abiding model good books work.Three, on behalf of the staff and workers to exercise democratic rights, any organization and individual shall not suppress obstruction and strike retaliation.The fourth chapter organization systemThe thirteenth generation of workers congress delegation chairman presided over the meeting discussion, the members of the presidium shall, operators, managers and technicians. Our company middle-level cadres, including workers, technical personnel, management staff should be more than half.The fourteenth section of the workers' Congress held once a year at least for each meeting, there must be 33 points more than two staff representatives attend the seats. In case of major matters by the general manager, the labor union of the company more than 1/3 staff or staff representatives proposal may convene the meeting. The workers' Congress elections held and resolutions must be approved by all workers represented by more than half.Twenty-fifth of the workers congress around increase and enhance the vitality of enterprises, promote the technology step by step, improve economic efficiency, for enterprise management, an important problem of distribution system and workers life and fix the issue. Staff and workers congress decided in its position within the scope of authority, without consent shall not be modified by the workers' Congress change.Table sixteenth employee representative congress is not in session, the need for temporary solutionAn important question by trade unions called post head meeting of representatives of the staff and workers, and consultation with the down of a workers' congress report confirmed. Head meeting may participate in according to the meeting invited the leadership of the company and other relevant personnel.The fifth chapter of the staff and workers' Congress and the trade unionSeventeenth work as a staff representative of the general assembly of the work of the organization, to undertake the following work:First, the organization of staff and workers elected representatives.Two, the collection of workers on behalf of the major issues of the proposal, presided over the work of representatives of the general assembly of the preparatory work and the organization of the meeting.Three, presided over the meeting of representatives of the staff and workers on behalf of the meeting.Four, the organization of specialized teams to investigate and research, to make recommendations to the workers' Congress, inspection and supervision and supervision of the implementation of the resolution of the general assembly, the implementation of the staff and workers to implement the resolution of the General Assembly on behalf of workers.Five, to the staff and workers into the democratic management of publicity and education, the organization of staff and workers on behalf of the learning policy, business and management knowledge, improve the quality of the staff representatives.Six, accept and deal with the complaints and suggestions of representatives of the staff and workers, maintenance of the legitimate rights and interests of workers.Seven, the organization of democratic management of its other work.The sixth chapter of the Department of the room, the team's democratic managementAccording to the specific circumstances, the eighteenth department may take the form of the employees' Congress or the employee's representative office to exercise democratic management power in the affairs of the authority of the Department.Nineteenth teams and groups of democratic management, by the workers directly participate in the team's trade union leaders and workers under the auspices of the activities carried out under the auspices of the team building by the trade union leader to assist the squad leader.The seventh chapter supplementary provisionsArticle twentieth the company's trade unions shall be responsible for the interpretation of these regulations.Article twenty-first of the regulations issued from the date of promulgation.Trade union workOne, promote the party's road line, principles, policies, the implementation of the higher level of union spirit, under the leadership of the Party committee and the completion of the work of the task.Two, strengthen democratic management, do a good job of the staff and workers' Congress held preparatory, and closing work, do not hold regular workers delegation head of the meeting, to ensure the smooth flow of the main channel of democracy.Three, adhere to the "22" maintenance of unity, do a good job in the labor dispute mediation work, the protection of the specific interests of the masses of the protection of the masses of workers from invasion.Four, strengthen the source participation, actively participate in the company's various policy strategies, measures to develop, and supervise the implementation of the line, reflecting the wishes of the majority of workers and requirements.Five, the organization of workers to carry out labor competition, to make reasonable proposals, small leather, small inventions to create a living activity, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the production of workers.Six, to carry out the "warm and warm project" activities for the workers to run everything, practical things, to help solve the difficult life, do a good job of mutual assistance insurance and staff and workers to study and research work.Seven, establish and perfect the trade unions at all levels, achieve organization system network, fixed regularly held congress, a good new member of the development and transfer of work.Eight, establish and improve the levels of female workers organization, coordination of relevant departments to do a good job of female female workers "four period", play essential role of female workers into the sky, to promote the development of production, protect the legitimate rights and interests of women workers are not infringed.Nine, the group organized the staff to carry out health, education and teaching in music, small and diverse cultural and sports activities, active corporate cultural life, and strive to enhance the cohesion of the enterprise.Ten, to strengthen the financial management of the union, according to the trade union funds on time, to develop the use of the labor union funds budget, reasonable expenses, and do a good job in the collection and use of union dues.Union membership management systemArticle 1 this regulation is formulated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the articles of association of China's trade union, and with the company's actual situation.Second who meet the conditions for membership in the Union constitution and the provisions of the China < >, has signed a labor contract with the company staff can apply to join into the union.Third apply for unionized workers, shall I put out the application, and the Chinese National Federation of trade unions shall fill in "application form" and "trade union membership registration form", by the union approval group and grass-roots trade union audit, is a member of the union. Its membership from the union committee approved the date since.Fourth trade union members should actively participate in the activities of the union, the right to exercise their rights and fulfill their obligations, and timely payment of contributions.Fifth members will be free to go back. Members of the withdrawal will be written application, through the trade union group, approved by the labor union committee, from the day of withdrawal will stop paying their dues.Sixth members do not have the proper reason to continue for 6 months without payment of membership dues, do not participate in the processing will organize life, education refused to correct, should be regarded as automatic withdrawal.Article 77 where serious crimes and criminal sanctions by members of trade unions, by the Committee for discussion and decision, dismissed its membership.The relationship between the eighth members of the organization changes with the change of labor relations, the labor relations of the members change, the relationship between the members of the human relations with me to transfer, with the membership card to transfer.Ninth to master company membership, every month 25 days before this grass-roots trade unions shall fill in "grass-roots union members report > union office reported to the company, requirements in a timely manner, digital true and reliable.Tenth such as the management of the members of the lost Dangdang, causing unnecessary labor disputes, etc., will be held responsible for the relevant personnel.Eleventh handle refund formalities will have workers, and apply for membership, allowing it to re apply for the admission procedures.Twelfth members retired, retired, laid-off, insurable retained membership. Membership retention period from dues. Members maintain membership, no longer have the right to vote and to be elected in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state. In addition to enjoy the insurance benefits, the same treatment will no longer enjoy membership.Thirteenth the Ordinance shall be implemented as of the date of promulgation, and the right to interpret it shall be in the company's trade union committee.Union chairman job dutiesOne, in the company Party branch and the superior trade union under the leadership of the trade union committee, presided over this unit is responsible for the daily work. The trade union work plan, regular arrangement, examination, summing up the work, and timely reporting to the Party branch and trade unions.Two, the implementation of the implementation of the party's line, principles, policies, adhere to the production and operation of enterprises as the center of the heart and to democratic management as the focus, play the essential role of working mechanism of the Congress, the comprehensive carry out the activities of trade unions.Three, the implementation of democratic centralism principle, chaired by members of the general assembly or a member of Congress, trade union committee, democracy, brainstorming, the trade unions do to promote the harmonious development of enterprises and employees, the stability and unity of the home of workers.Four, support the work of enterprise administration, to participate in the development of the enterprise planning, reform and innovation and life and other important work to discuss the work, and actively put forward reasonable proposals.Five, do the preparatory work of the Congress, to complete the work of the congress delegate support.Six, pay attention to listen to the opinions and requirements of the majority of members, in a timely manner to the Party branch and the administrative counter reflection, the maintenance of the rights and interests of workers and the vital interests of the enterprise administrative staff to help improve the welfare of workers.Seven, the organization to carry out health and physical and mental health of the culture and entertainment, sports activities.Eight, responsible for the scope of trade unions in the political learning, assessment, awarding work.Nine, to assist the female staff members will do a good job of female staff and workers, to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of female workers.Ten, assist enterprises in the relevant aspects of the association, do a good job in the work of retired workers and their families.Eleven, the examination and approval of trade union funds.Twelve, timely completion of the party organization and the work of the superior union arrangement.Detailed rules for the implementation of the regulations of the staff and workers' CongressChapter I General ProvisionsThe first one according to the People's Republic of China constitution in < > and < theconsolidation industrial workers congress during the People's Republic of China regulations cases of industrial enterprises owned by the "spirit, the regulations implementing rules are formulated.The second company employee representative congress is the basic form of democratic management of the enterprise, is the right agency workers to exercise their democratic management. The main work is the trade union committee organization of the staff and workers' Congress, responsible for the daily work of the workers' Congress.Third employees in the company under the leadership of Party branch, to implement the party's line, principles and policies of needles, and state laws and regulations, correctly handle the state, collective, individual interests of the three, in the law within the prescribed scope of authority.Article 44 the Congress shall actively support the general manager of the company to exercise the management decision and the unified command of production, scientific research activities authority.Fifth to establish and improve the system of workers' Congress and other democratic management systems, security and play the role of trade union organizations and representatives of the staff and workers to review the major decision of enterprises in the trial supervision, administrative leadership, role and rights to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests and so on.Article 66 The Congress implement democratic centralism in the system.Second chapter of authorityThe Seventh Congress exercised the following powersFirst, the right to consider proposalsListen to the general manager of the regular work report; review; business policy, long-term long-term planning, the annual plan; basic construction plan; major technical transformation scheme;; employee training plan; financial budget is put forward opinions and suggestions; gold funds allocation and use case.Two, the review of the consent or vetoThe salary adjustment scheme of the enterprise; the bonus scheme; the labor protection measures; the reward measures for the employees and the important rules and regulations of the enterprise are reviewed.Three, to consider the right to decide:For workers Fulili fund; workers housing allocation; other important matters relating to workers Living welfare review will be decided.Four, appraisal, supervision powerLeading cadres at all levels of supervision, regular review, general manager of the office should fulfill the duties and objectives of supervision, the layers of cadres to the general manager of science can be put forward to praise, reward, punishment, promotion or group of criticism, dismissed suggestions.Five, the right to democratic electionsAccording to the superior department in charge of the deployment of the competent authorities or the approval of the higher authorities, the staff representatives of the people's democratic recommendation or the election of enterprise administrative leadership, and the election results reported to the competent authorities for approval.The Eighth Congress will be the taskFirst, the party and government departments to do a good job of the "two" civilization, the workers of the ideological, discipline and professional ethics education.Two, Congress should support education workers of the company general manager for the mobilization of workers to carry out the exercise of the powers, the provisions, abide by discipline, efforts to complete the task.Three, close contact with the general staff and workers, to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of workers, and truthfully reflect the views and requirements of the workers.Staff representative of the third chapterThe ninth company employees entitled to political rights in accordance with the provisions of the law, can be elected as the representative of the staff.Tenth representatives of the staff and workers to produce, should take the Department, the workshop as a unit, by the workers directly elected, not appointed by the leadership of the leadership. The number of its representatives should be accounted for 10-20%. of the total number of workersEleventh a staff representative should be a worker, technical personnel, management personnel, workers and other leading cadres group consisting of young workers and female workers should be accounted for a proper proportion. A guest, attend on behalf of several seats.According to the needs of the work and the number of representatives of the composition of a number of representatives of the table group, elected leader, deputy leader.Twelfth representatives of the staff and workers of real implementation of the permanent system, every three to four years of election election once, may be re elected.Article thirteenth supplementary supplementary of themeasures: (LED Leadership: Luo Mingjun, rectification time: before September 25th, insist for a long time) 1, sound perfect the rules and regulations. According to the law, fair, efficient and convenient for the principle, to further optimize government services, revise the <XX County Administration of production safety supervision and regulate the rights system of assembly. 2, to further standardize the administrative licensing, safety

     Trade union work systemTrade union work systemThe staff and workers' CongressChapter I General principlesThe first is to protect my company workers democratic management power, full of enthusiasm and creativity of employees, wisdom run company, this regulation is formulated.Second public companies in the implementation of the board of directors general manager responsibility system under the leadership of the building at the same time, must establish and improve the system of workers' Congress and other democratic management systems, security barrier and play the role of trade union organizations and representatives of the employees table in consideration of the major decision-making enterprises, supervision and supervision of administrative leadership, power and role of safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of workers and so on.Third the trade union committee of the enterprise is the work of the staff and workers' Congress, and is responsible for the daily work of the staff and workers' Congress.Fourth the staff and workers' Congress shall accept the ideological and political leadership of the Party committee, and shall exercise its functions and powers within the limits prescribed by law.Article fifth the staff and workers' Congress shall actively support the general manager to exercise the authority of the management and decision making and the unified command of the production activities.Sixth of workers' Congress of democratic centralism.Second chapter of authorityArticle seventh the staff and workers' Congress shall exercise the following functions and powers::A general manager, to listen to and consider the science about the company's operating principles, long-term long-term planning, the annual plan, the basic construction plan, major technological transformation and technology introduction plan, staff training plan, its own funds allocation and use of the program, and put forward opinions and suggestions, and make a resolution on the implementation of the scheme.Two, consider the company's salary adjustment through the program, the labor protection measures programs, incentives and other important regulatory rules and regulations.Three, to consider the use of the program, the welfare of the staff and workers' welfare programs and other major issues related to the lives of the workers and staff.Four, evaluation and supervision of leading cadres at all levels of the company, and put forward suggestions on punishment and the appointment.In five, the workers' Congress meeting, can by the general manager on behalf of the government, the chairman of the trade union staff representatives signed the system of equal consultation and collective contract, for the common goal for the development of the company, each other is to assume the obligation to ensure the implementation.Staff representative of the third chapterEighth employees of the company in accordance with the law to enjoy political rights were elected as representatives of the employees of cocoa.Article 99 the employees' representatives to the department room or the basic level branch as a unit, directly elected by the workers. The operators, technical personnel and management personnel, leading cadres and young workers, female workers have accounted for a certain proportion, the company and the Department of leadership cadres of the general staff to do the total number of deputies to 55 points.Tenth employees on behalf of the Ministry or the basic unit of the Department of the unit is a single unit of the delegation, elected head..Eleventh staff representatives for implementation of the permanent system of election, once every two years, may be re elected. The election of representatives of the employees table unit employees, elected units and workers have the right to supervise and replace the withdrawal of representatives of the staff and workers units.The rights and obligations of the representatives of the twelfth staff and workers:A table, in the staff representative meeting, have the right to vote, to be elected in voting and voting rights. The right to execute executive Congress resolutions and proposal to implement the situation to be checked.Two, on behalf of workers should work hard to improve their own quality, on behalf of the legitimate interests of workers, and truthfully reflect the opinions and demands of the masses of workers, law-abiding model good books work.Three, on behalf of the staff and workers to exercise d

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