2015年中考时政热点专题

　 热点专题1十八届四中全会聚焦依法治国命题点一：十八届四中全会热点命题解读材料一：十八届四中全会概述?2014年10月20日至23日，中国共产党第十八届中央委员会第四次全体会议在北京召开。全会听取和讨论了习近平受中央政治局委托作的工作报告，审议通过了《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》，这是我们党第一次在中央全会上专题研究依法治国问题。材料二：《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》?新提法和新举措新提法：※以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神※党的领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征※全面推进依法治国是一个系统工程，是国家治理领域一场广泛而深刻的革命。新举措：※将每年十二月四日定为国家宪法日※建立宪法宣誓制度※把法治教育纳入国民教育体系，从青少年抓起，在中小学设立法治知识课程。材料三：法治中国的世界回响?据国外相关媒体报道，十八届四中全会将提升中国的国家治理，将对改革、发展和稳定产生深远影响。诸多第一次，让国际舆论不仅仅只加上“首次”这个词，还纷纷用“历史性”“新开端”“里程碑”等词汇评价这次会议及其成果。在世界的注视下，中国建设法治国家新的路线图已经展开。国际社会相信，中国全面推进依法治国，也将为世界带来谋发展、促繁荣新的信心与希望。考点链接①依法治国的基本方略?②中国特色社会主义法治体系1.依法治国的重要性及成要性。（1）重要性：依法治国是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的本质要求和重要保障；是实现国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的必然要求，事关我们党执政兴国、党和国家长治久安，事关人民幸福安康。（2）必要性：全面建成小康社会、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，全面深化改革，完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，提高党的执政能力和执政水平，必须全面推进依法治国。2.十一届三中全会以来我国在法治方面取得的成就及存在的问题有哪些？（1）成就：中国特色社会主义法律体系已经形成，法治政府建设稳步推进，司法体制不断完善，全社会法治观念明显增强。（2）存在的问题：有的法律法规未能全面反映客观规律和人民意愿，针对性、可操作性不强；有法不依、执法不严、违法不究现象比较严重，执法司法不规范、不严格、不透明、不文明现象较为突出，群众对执法司法不公和腐败问题反映强烈；部分社会成员尊法信法守法用法、依法维权意识不强，一些国家工作人员特别是领导干部依法办事观念不强、能力不足，知法犯法、以言代法、以权压法、徇私枉法现象依然存在。3.全面推进依法治国的总目标。全面推进依法治国，总目标是建设中国特色社会主义法治体系，建设社会主义法治国家。4.实现这个总目标，必须坚持的原则有哪些？（1）坚持中国共产党的领导。党的领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，是社会主义法治最根本的保证。（2）坚持人民主体地位。人民是依法治国的主体和力量源泉，人民代表大会制度是保证人民当家作主的根本政治制度。（3）坚持法律面前人人平等。平等是社会主义法律的基本属性。（4）坚持依法治国和以德治国相结合。国家和社会治理需要法律和道德共同发挥作用。（5）坚持从中国实际出发。中国特色社会主义道路、理论体系、制度是全面推进依法治国的根本遵循。5.如何坚持依法治国和以德治国相结合？必须坚持一手抓法治、一手抓德治，大力弘扬社会主义核心价值观，弘扬中华民族传统美德，培育社会公德、职业道德、家庭美德、个人品德，既重视发挥法律的规范作用，又重视发挥道德的教化作用，以法治体现道德理念，强化法律对道德建设的促进作用，以道德滋养法治精神，强化道德对法治文化的支撑作用，实现法律和道德相辅相成、法治和德治相得益彰。6.如何建设中国特色社会主义法治体系？建设中国特色社会主义法治体系，必须坚持立法先行，发挥立法的引领和推动作用，抓住提高立法质量这个关键。要恪守以民为本、立法为民理念，贯彻社会主义核心价值观，使每一项立法都符合宪法精神、反映人民意志、得到人民拥护。要把公正、公平、公开原则贯穿立法全过程，完善立法体制机制，坚持立改废释并举，增强法律法规的及时性、系统性、针对性、有效性。7.全面推进依法治国的基本要求是什么？有法可依、有法必依、执法必严、违法必究。8.为落实依法治国基本方略，我们应该如何做？(1)生活在法治国家里，人人都要自觉弘扬社会主义法治精神，树立社会主义法治观念，学法尊法守法用法，依法维护国家利益，依法规范自身行为。(2)关心国家大事，积极参与政治生活，依法行使建议权、监督权等政治权利。(3)勇于同破坏法治中国或社会主义法治国家建设的言行作斗争。9.如何理解党的领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征？(1)中国共产党是中国各项事业的领导核心。(2)中国共产党全心全意为人民服务。(3)我国宪法规定，中国共产党是中国唯一的执政党。(4)坚持党的领导是人民当家作主、依法治国的根本保证。(5)没有共产党就没有新中国，只有共产党才能发展社会主义。(6)党的领导是实现全面建成小康社会和实现中华民族伟大复兴的必然选择和根本保证等。10.为什么要坚持在党的领导下全面推进依法治国？(1)党的领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，是社会主义法治最根本的保证。(2)坚持党的领导是我国社会主义法治建设的一条基本经验。(3)坚持党的领导，是社会主义法治的根本要求。(4)只有在党的领导下依法治国、厉行法治，人民当家作主才能充分实现，国家和社会生活法治化才能有序推进。11.如何在全面推进依法治国过程中坚持党的领导？(1)首先要依据宪法法律治国理政，要依据党内法规管党治党。(2)必须坚持党领导立法、保证执法、支持司法、带头守法，把依法治国基本方略同依法执政统一起来。(3)党要总揽全局、协调各个部门依章程履行职能、开展工作统一起来。(4)坚决依法治党、从严治党，要坚持法律面前人人平等，要使党在宪法法律范围内活动,要善于使党的主张通过法定程序成为国家意志等。12.我国设立国家宪法日有何意义？(1)有利于宣传我国的宪法知识，增强公民对宪法知识的了解和认识。(2)有利于维护宪法的权威。(3)有利于推进依法治国的进程，实施依宪治国。(4)有利于保障人民当家作主和巩固党的执政地位。(5)有利于保障中国特色社会主义事业全面发展等。13.设立国家宪法日和建立宪法宣誓制度的重要意义？①有利于彰显宪法权威，增强公职人员宪法观念，激励公职人员忠于和维护宪法，②有利于在全社会增强宪法意识、树立宪法权威。14.十八届四中全会全面推进依法治国，具有哪些重要的意义？（1）是建设中国特色社会主义现代化国家的重要内容。（2）是新形势下发展人民民主的根本保障。（3）是实现国家治理现代化的重要内容和主要途径。（4）是深化市场经济体制改革的内在需要。（5）是加快法治中国建设的必然要求。（6）是实现公平正义的基本途径。（7）是反腐治权的治本之道。15.为全面推进依法治国建设，我们青少年应该如何做？（1）认真学习十八届四中全会有关依法治国的精神，增强法治意识，做到知法、懂法、守法、护法。（2）积极宣传全面推进依法治国的内容，以营造良好的法治环境。（3）依法维护自己的合法权益，积极维护法律的尊严和权威等。?命题点二：依法治国 科学立法热点聚焦材料一：完善以宪法为核心的中国特色社会主义法律体系，加强宪法实施?法律是治国之重器，良法是善治之前提。建设中国特色社会主义法治体系，必须坚持立法先行，发挥立法的引领和推动作用，抓住提高立法质量这个关键。要恪守以民为本、立法为民理念，贯彻社会主义核心价值观，使每一项立法都符合宪法精神、反映人民意志、得到人民拥护。要把公正、公平、公开原则贯穿立法全过程，完善立法体制机制，坚持立改废释并举，增强法律法规的及时性、系统性、针对性、有效性。（《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》摘要）材料二：民意、民智、民主——科学立法的地方实践?刚刚走过的9月，中国人大制度历经60载，一个甲子的沧桑，成效斐然，特别是在立法方面。为了立“良法”，行“善治”，上海、北京、广东、浙江、安徽、福建等地积极探索，突破“闭门造车”樊篱，全面倾听民意，充分吸纳民智，力促民主立法，确保立出的法管用好用。材料三：科学立法，为改革保驾护航?改革要依法而行，改革成果更要用法律制度加以巩固。如今，修改预算法、行政诉讼法，制定基本医疗卫生法、社会救助法……一件件事关全面深化改革的重要立法项目，被列入十二届全国人大常委会立法规划。审议通过废止有关劳动教养法律规定的决定、调整完善生育政策的决议……一系列决定、决议的及时通过，保证了重大改革的有序进行。材料四：科学立法，关乎民生?时至今日，我国出台的现行有效法律已有240多部，中国特色社会主义法律体系更加完善，其中“立法为民”是立法工作的鲜明特点、永恒主题。旅游法实施整整一年，游客用“恼人的购物少了”直观评价这部法律的实施效果。修改后的环境保护法将“保障公众健康”写入总则第一条，食品安全法修正案草案用最严格的法律责任保卫广大百姓“舌尖上的安全”……无论是新制定的法律，还是修改后的法律，都明显更贴近生活，更符合客观实际需要。考点链接①人民当家作主?②依法治国?③公民的政治权利?④人民代表大会制度1.全面推进依法治国，为什么要完善立法体制机制，坚持立改废释并举？（1）有法可依，即建立科学完备的法律体系是实行依法治国的重要前提。（2）有利于健全社会主义法制，推进依法治国，建设社会主义法治国家。（3）有利于发展社会主义民主，推进社会主义政治、经济、文化、社会事业的发展。（4）有利于实现国家的繁荣、稳定和长治久安。2.为什么坚持依法治国首先要坚持依宪治国，坚持依法执政首先要坚持依宪执政？（1）宪法是国家的根本大法，是治国安邦的总章程，是最高的行为准则。（2）依宪治国是依法治国的核心。（3）宪法是实行依法治国的根本依据，在国家政治生活中具有极其重要的作用。3.“全面倾听民意，充分吸纳民智，力促民主立法，确保立出的法管用好用。”这样做，有什么重要意义？（1）有利于宣传法律知识，弘扬法治精神，进一步提高全民法律意识和法律素质。（2）有利于体现法律是人民意志的体现这一本质要求，推进依法治国基本方略深入实施，建设社会主义法治国家。（3）有利于保障人民的知情权、表达权、参与权、监督权等政治权利，切实保障人民当家作主。4.各地这一做法保证了公民什么权利？我们可以通过哪些途径行使这一权利？监督权（批评、建议权）。可以通过人大代表或直接向全国人大常委会和地方人大常委会反映；可以采用书信、电子邮件、电话、走访以及网络等形式，向有关部门举报或反映；可以通过电视、广播、报刊等媒体进行监督等。5.十二届全国人大常委会让一系列决定、决议及时通过，保证了重大改革的有序进行，说明了什么？（1）法律是由国家制定或认可的，全国人大及其常委会拥有立法权。（2）我国坚持依法治国的基本方略。（3）人民代表大会制度是我国的根本政治制度。6.?重要立法项目被列入十二届全国人大常委会立法规划，对此，你对全国人大有何正确的认识？（1）全国人民代表大会是我国地位最高，权力最大的国家机关，其他中央国家机关都由它产生，对它负责，并受它监督。（2）全国人民代表大会具有最高的立法权、任免权、监督权和重大事务决定权等。7.?对“立法为民”是立法工作的鲜明特点、永恒主题，这句话你是如何认识的？（1）我国是工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家，人民是国家和社会的主人，国家的一切权力属于人民。（2）法律是人民意志的充分体现，是维护公民合法权益和打击违法犯罪的有力武器。?命题点三：依法治国?严格执法热点聚焦材料一：深入推进依法行政，加快建设法治政府?法律的生命力在于实施，法律的权威也在于实施。各级政府必须坚持在党的领导下、在法治轨道上开展工作，创新执法体制，完善执法程序，推进综合执法，严格执法责任，建立权责统一、权威高效的依法行政体制，加快建设职能科学、权责法定、执法严明、公开公正、廉洁高效、守法诚信的法治政府。（《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》摘要）材料二：让反腐无“法外之地”反腐法治化与国家法治化的路径基本一致。国家法治化，即国家权力全部纳入法治轨道，就是把权力关进制度的笼子。长期看，要把反腐败纳入法治轨道，建立制度限制，使党员干部不能腐败，也不愿意去腐败。“吃空饷”“裸官”“红包”“奢靡”“官赌”……在不久的将来，涉及这些问题的领导干部，或许受到的不仅仅是党内处分，还要被追究法律责任。预防腐败、惩治腐败的最终走向都是法治反腐。相关链接：十八届四中全会审议并通过了中共中央纪律检查委员会关于李东生、蒋洁敏、王永春、李春城、万庆良严重违纪问题的审查报告；中共中央决定对周永康严重违纪问题立案审查。考点链接①依法行政?②反腐倡廉1.为什么各级政府要在法治轨道上开展工作？依法行政是依法治国的重要环节。政府能否自觉地依法行政，严格依法办事，直接影响宪法和法律的尊严、权威，直接关系依法治国基本方略能否顺利实施，建设社会主义法治国家的宏伟目标能否顺利实现。2.?把权力关进制度的笼子，有何重要的现实意义？（把反腐败纳入法治轨道有何意义？）（1）有利于保持党的先进性和纯洁性。（2）有利于巩固党的执政基础和执政地位。（3）有利于解决群众反映强烈的突出问题，构建和谐社会。（4）有利于督促党员干部廉洁从政，防止腐败。3.?应如何让公腐无“法外之地”？（1）坚持依法治国基本方略，做到执法必严、违法必究。（2）健全监督机制，鼓励公民积极行使监督权。（3）加强法制教育，在全社会弘扬正能量。（4）加强道德修养，自觉遵纪守法、依法办事。（5）严惩腐败行为，净化社会环境。4.法治反腐，这体现了教材中的哪些知识点？（1）体现了实施依法治国基本方略，做到执法必严，违法必究。（2）法律对全体社会成员具有普遍的约束力，法律面前人人平等。（3）法律是由国家强制力保证实施的，违法犯罪必将受到法律制裁。（4）表明了党和国家反腐的决心和力度。（5）体现了中国共产党的宗旨是全心全意为人民服务，坚持立党为公、执政为民的理念。?命题点四：依法治国?公正司法热点聚焦材料一：保证公正司法，提高司法公信力?司法公正对社会公正具有重要引领作用，司法不公对社会公正具有致命破坏作用。必须完善司法管理体制和司法权力运行机制，规范司法行为，加强对司法活动的监督，努力让人民群众在每一个司法案件中感受到公平正义。（《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》摘要）材料二：法治社会难容“特殊公民”以刘汉为代表的“特殊公民”被绳之以法，他们利用金钱、权力、暴力，游走在法律之外，不仅破坏社会秩序、经济秩序，更是对法律尊严的疯狂践踏，透过刘汉涉黑组织的产生和壮大，警醒我们还必须从法治教育、司法改革、公权监督等多方着力。材料三：全国31省份纪委全部开通官网均设举报专区?中纪委官网2014年8月21日消息，自2013年9月2日中纪委官网开通至今，全国纪检监察机关网站群正式形成，加强了网站的信息发布、监督举报、政策阐释和互动交流功能，打造了监督执纪网络平台。相关链接：中央部门决算迎“史上最大力度”公开；中国政务微信已超五千；中国政府网开通总理“留言板”开创网络问政新渠道。考点链接①法律的特征?②监督权?③依法治国1.为什么要加强对司法活动的监督，完善检察机关行使监督权的法律制度？（1）有助于树立科学的司法理念，做到执法为民。（2）有助于贯彻依法治国基本方略，完善审判工作机制，提升办案质量。（3）有利于维护公平正义，不断提升司法公信力。（4）有利于维护法律尊严和权威，推进依法治国进程。2.　完善人民监督员制度，绝不允许法外开恩，绝不允许办关系案、人情案、金钱案。这样做的意义何在？（1）有利于人民有效行使作为国家主人的权利，尽到对国家的责任。（2）有利于发展社会主义民主政治，推进依法治国进程，建设法治政府和法治中国等。3.以刘汉为代表的“特殊公民”被绳之以法，说明了什么？（1）说明党立党为公、执政为民，严厉打击腐败的决心和力度。（2）说明法律面前人人平等，任何人不论职务高低、功劳大小，只要违法法律就要承担相应的法律责任。（3）说明我国坚持依法治国基本方略，做到执法必严、违法必究。4.从以刘汉为代表的“特殊公民”被审，我们青少年从中获得了哪些启示？（1）法律是一种特殊的行为规范，是保护人民利益和打击违法犯罪的有力武器，要自觉维护法律的尊严和权威。（2）法不可违，要认真学法，依法自律，做到远离违法与犯罪行为。（3）要积极同一切违法犯罪行为作斗争，推进依法治国建设。5.中纪委开通官网设举报专区，有何意义？（1）有利于维护公民的监督权，推进社会主义民主政治建设。（2）有利于加大反腐倡廉的力度，保持党的先进性和纯洁性。（3）有利于国家机关及其工作人员勤政廉洁，减少违法乱纪现象的发生。6.公民在行使监督权时，应该注意哪些事项？（1）要在法律允许的范围内正确行使，实事求是，以事实为依据，如实反映情况。（2）不得捏造或者歪曲事实进行诬告陷害，也不能采用贴大字报、聚众闹事等方法。?命题点五：依法治国?全民守法热点聚焦材料一：增强全民法治观念，推进法治社会建设?法律的权威源自人民的内心拥护和真诚信仰。人民权益要靠法律保障，法律权威要靠人民维护。必须弘扬社会主义法治精神，建设社会主义法治文化，增强全社会厉行法治的积极性和主动性，形成守法光荣、违法可耻的社会氛围，使全体人民都成为社会主义法治的忠实崇尚者、自觉遵守者、坚定捍卫者。（《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》摘要）材料二：宪法60年在中国民众生活中日益“激活”中国宪法历经四部，用60年时间逐渐融化2 000多年封建制度冰封的“人治”传统观念。从闻名全省甚至全国的农民宋新元以民告官，维护家乡环境不受污染，到汶川地震失去家园的罗开华因假笋种走上依法维权的道路等，宪法在中国普通民众的生活中日益“激活”。材料三：虚拟空间仍需守法?中国已经形成了比较成型的互联网的法律体系，这些法律体系涵盖了方方面面，执法部门要依靠法律来办事。比如“快播”公司案子，本身就达到了利用案例来宣传法治的效果。对“快播”公司的查处之所以影响大，是有关部门根据相关条例去查处：通信管理局吊销了它的许可证，市场监督管理部门依法计算出对它的巨额罚款金额。通过诸如此类的经典案例，会使得法治精神得到传播。现实生活中，虚拟空间世界，都一样要遵守法律。考点链接①弘扬法治精神?②监督权?③依宪治国1.在全面推进依法治国过程中，为什么必须弘扬社会主义法治精神？（1）树立法治观念，是文明社会对公民最起码的素质要求，增强公民的法治观念是实行依法治国的重要条件。（2）只有人人树立法治观念，养成守法习惯，善于用法维权，才能有效地维护社会稳定，才能维护国家、集体利益和公民的合法权益。2.当前，我们应该如何自觉树立法治观念？树立法治观念，学法、懂法、用法；要自觉护法，敢于和善于运用法律武器同违法犯罪行为作斗争，维护国家利益、集体利益和公民合法权益。3.宪法在中国普通民众的生活中日益“激活”，体现了什么道理？宪法是国家的根本大法，是治国安邦的总章程。4.你认为宪法具有最高的法律地位表现在哪些方面？①宪法是其他法律的立法基础和立法依据，普通法律是依据宪法制定的，是宪法的具体化，宪法为母法，普通法律为子法;②宪法与普通法律相比，具有最高的法律效力;③宪法是一切组织和个人的根本活动准则;④同普通法律相比，宪法制定和修改的程序更为严格。5.在法治中国建设中，我们青少年应该如何积极维护宪法的权威和尊严？积极参加各种法制宣传教育活动，认真学习宪法，了解宪法的性质和基本内容，在日常生活中养成遵守宪法的习惯，树立宪法意识，自觉维护宪法的尊严。6.中国已经形成了比较成型的互联网的法律体系，这有何重要的现实意义？（1）有利于进一步推动社会主义精神文明建设，提高公民的思想道德素质和法制意识。（2）有利于净化网络环境，维护和谐文明的社会环境，形成良好的网络环境。（3）有利于全面推进依法治国建设，建设社会主义法治国家。7.对快播公司的查处，给我们带来哪些警示？（1）生活在法治国家里，要依法规范自身行为。（2）要自觉树立法律意识，维护法律的尊严，依法自律，做一个守法的人。（3）要认清犯罪危害，自觉远离违法犯罪行为。8.在虚拟空间世界，一样地遵守法律，国家、社会和公民分别应该如何做？（1）国家：加强网络立法工作，依法打击各类网络违法犯罪行为，以净化网络环境。（2）社会：倡导网络文明公约，加大社会监督力度，大力营造文明、守法、诚信的网络环境。（3）公民：要提高自身的法律意识和道德意识，培养文明健康的上网习惯，依法规范自身的言行等。热点新题预测1、“党的领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，是社会主义法治最根本的保证。”十八届四中全会公报中首次写入了这一重要理念，并且提出：“把党的领导贯彻到依法治国全过程和各方面，是我国社会主义法治建设的一条基本经验。”因此，作为中国共产党要（?）①严格遵守宪法和法律，在宪法和法律允许的范围内活动?②领导制定相关的法律法规③把法治建设作为一切工作的中心，加快推进法治中国建设?④进一步健全权力运行制约和监督体系?A.①②④?B.①③④?C.①②③?D.②③④2、?2014年10月8日，最高人民法院党组书记、院长周强强调，要依法妥善处理好民族地区各类矛盾纠纷，平等保护各民族人民群众合法权益，切实维护国家安全和社会安定。这表明?（?）①中国共产党始终代表最广大人民群众的根本利益?②党坚持以人为本的科学发展观?③全心全意为人民服务是党的宗旨?④党坚持依法治国基本方略，坚持法律面前人人平等A.①②④?B.②③④?C.①②③?D.①②③④3、习近平强调，在中国，发展社会主义民主政治，保证人民当家作主，保证国家政治生活既充满活力又安定有序，关键是要坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一。其中坚持依法治国的重要环节是?()A.有法可依?B.依法行政?C.执法必严?D.违法必究4、十八届四中全会审议并通过了中共中央纪律检查委员会关于李东生、蒋洁敏、王永春、李春城、万庆良严重违纪问题的审查报告；中共中央决定对周永康严重违纪问题立案审查。这表明?()A.惩治腐败是现阶段党和国家的中心工作B.建设社会主义法治国家是执政兴国的第一要务C.违法乱纪、贪腐败都会受到刑罚处罚D.党和政府打击腐败的坚定决心和力度5、十八届四中全会，是我们党首次以依法治国为主题的中央全会。而事实上，十八大以来，习近平总书记多次在讲话中强调依法治国的重要性。下面是从总书记几次讲话中摘录的两个片段：片段一：“物必先腐，而后虫生。”近年来，一些国家因长期积累的矛盾导致民怨载道、社会动荡、政权垮台，其中贪污腐败就是一个很重要的原因。大量事实告诉我们，腐败问题越演越烈，最终必然会亡党亡国！我们要警醒啊！党领导人民制定宪法和法律，党领导人民执行法和法律，党自身必须在宪法和法律规定的范围内活动，真正做到党领导立法、保证执法、带头守法。片段二：权力运行不见阳光，或有选择地见阳光，公信力就无法树立。执法司法越公开，就越有权威和公信力。要深入推进司法公正，深化司法体制改革，加快建设公正高效权威的司法制度，完善人权司法保障制度，严肃惩治司法腐败，让人民群众在每一个司法案件中都能感受到公平正义。（1）为什么习近平总书记十分坚决地强调要零容忍反腐败？①有利于保持党的先进性和纯洁性；②有利于巩固党的执政基础和执政地位；③有利于解决群众反映强烈的突出问题；④有利于维护社会公平正义，构建和谐社会；⑤有利于督促党员干部廉洁从政，防止腐败。（2）习近平总书记要求让权力在阳光下运行，有何重要意义？①有利于保证人民赋予的权利始终用来为人民谋利益，这对于建设中国特色社会主义政治文明具有十分重要的意义；②有利于大力促进国家机关及其工作人员勤政、廉洁，使政府取信于民，国家长治久安。（3）为形成反腐机制，让领导干部不敢腐、不想腐，我们应该该如何做？①坚持依法治国基本方略，做到执法必严、违法必究；②健全监督机制，鼓励公民积极行使监督权；③加强法制教育，在全社会弘扬正能量；④加强道德修养，自觉遵纪守法、依法办事。Opinions and suggestions on the party's mass line educational practiceAccording to the central and provincial, municipal unified deployment, according to municipal Party committee "about carrying out the party's mass line educational practice activity in the city's implementation opinions, the spirit of the party's mass line educational practice activities from 20** in January to 99 months, carried out at all levels of departments and directly affiliated institutions and grass-roots party organizations. According to my actual County, the county to carry out the education practice put forward the following implementation opinions.First, the overall requirementsCounty county education practice to the eighteen Party of eight, the spirit of the the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee as the guidance, conscientiously implement the spirit of general secretary Xi Jinping book series of important speech, earnestly implement the Central Committee really, opinions and advice > < < >, < party implementing the guiding ideology of opinions to determine the objectives and requirements, step method, in accordance with the "" look in the mirror, dress up, wash bath, cure treatment, the general requirements of "for the people pragmatic honest people as the theme, in carrying forward the spirit of Zhuanglang Zhuang, improve their work style, service to the masses of the people, the foundation of consolidating grassroots, promote transformation across efforts, to further implement the central eight regulations and < The opposition party and government austerity waste regulations "," double section "provincial regulations, municipal provisions of the" twelve "plan and the implementation measures for < on improving the work style of close ties with the masses law, highlight style building, carry out the whole wind spirit, resolutely oppose formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism and wasteful extravagance to solve the problems, Party members and cadres of the style and the masses of people strong, the Ministry of Party members and cadres to further improve their thinking and understanding, to further change the style of the wind, the masses to close, honest and pragmatic people honest image to further establish the foundation to further reinforce the basic level. Style of the building of the new results to promote the construction of a powerful force of the county and the ecological culture of the county and county construction.In educational practice activities of the unit is mainly: the county and below county departments under the organs, enterprises and institutions directly under the township, street, and community, village, non-public economic organizations, social organizations and other grass-roots organizations. Agencies and branches, each single unit, follow the rules on internal institutions. Educational practice with step by step.To adhere to the county leadership, leadership and leading cadres to focus on outstanding catch to directly contact the service of the masses of law supervision departments and window units, service industry, educational practice, pay attention to grasp the heavy towns, streets and villages, community education activities and the masses of grassroots groups in close contact to strengthen, and the majority of Party members, cadres and the mass line line Marx doctrine view of the masses and the party's education.Always speak seriously as a basic attitude, adhere to positive education, to carry out criticism and self criticism group, adhere to the pragmatic, more emphasis on leadership, pay more attention to the layers of the demonstration, more focus on the four winds, solve the problem, pay more attention to open the door, the participation of the masses, pay more attention to the classification guidance. Orderly, pay more attention to the cooperation and cohesion driven, more strict requirements on injection, really supervision practice, ensure education practice is not empty is not empty is not partial, not as a mere formality.Two, the key point of the taskThe main task of the county's education practice is to seize against "four wind" this focus on centralized solve outstanding problems asked County, township leadership and leading cadres of the four winds, the disadvantages of the style, scale behavior to a large scale investigation, overhaul, cleaning greatly. At the same time, respond to the concerns of the masses, safeguard the interests of the masses, pay attention to solve practical problems, solve the people around the unwholesome tendencies especially on eat, take the card, Yong lazy luxury, extravagance and waste fees, privileges and other issues, timely and effective, without any discount to solve, to improve the style of real implementation of the requirements of real to the grassroots, real let group Benefit the public.(a) focus on solving the "four winds" outstanding issuesThe central and provincial requirements, the county leadership and leading cadres of key performance concept is not correct, do not dare to play, to engage in "image project", "political project", a leadership guide, a set of ideas, orders and prohibitions, and a policy, there are countermeasures county. The units directly under the heavy focus on solving Yung lazy drag, buck passing skin, work is not implemented, the service is not active. The dynamic problem of law enforcement and supervision departments and window units, service industry mainly solve the door hard, ugly face, something difficult, and arbitrary charges, fines, levies, and breach of privilege, chinakayao, not the problem of law. The township, street The collar of leading bodies and leading cadres to solve key does not care about the well-being of the masses, the sense of responsibility is not strong, go to implement the policy of benefiting shrink, work style is simple and crude, falsifying false fraud and other issues. The village, community based organizations at the grass-roots level is mainly to solve the weak and feeble, and awareness and ability to serve the people is not strong, unjustly and other issues.Municipal Party committee, county leadership and leadership cadres targeted solution to stem from generation to generation theory of learning and learning, thinking and understanding of low low, non boundary is not clear, father-in-law private is not divided, the inner world of emptiness, ginseng in feudal superstition, values dislocation, justice back; keen to on the run, do not pay attention to down and down to earth, and improve the people's livelihood and not enough attention; the use of policy research, promote the development plan of thought is not clear, do not respect the objective laws of law, not to contact the local reality, to work on, Dianmianjiege, solve complex problems, a lot of ways; organization sense lax discipline Chi, eat Eat and drink, or hold, as the style is not enough to listen to the views of democracy, is not sufficient. The problems in county units directly under the needle to solve all departments, regardless of the immediate, regardless of the overall care, long far, problems encountered around, interests struggle, work obstruction, objective reasons to find on the level assigned by the office the task of top do not do, for people to do things for various reasons do not drag on the business policy; eat out, are not allowed to grasp the situation of grass-roots work, the standard is not high, but had to go, not for the hard life, I wish you work; accustomed to when the second pass hand, to implement the conference meeting, to document the implementation of documents, Mechanically, and mechanical operation, inspection and assessment of excessive and indiscriminate procedures too cumbersome, the service efficiency is not high; back to work late and leave early, off-site their labor does not contribute, work, play games, go to Taobao, do private affairs. Law enforcement and supervision departments and window units, service industry for the solution of departmental interests first, set up the trap of consumption, and increase their cost, making things difficult for the masses, yuminzhengli; engage in selective enforcement, arbitrary enforcement, and does not give the benefits do not work, give the benefits of out of work, do human case, relations case, money case. Township. Street leadership and leading cadres have needle To solve the service consciousness is not strong, and waiting for the door, need to take the initiative to ask less, "day" phenomenon is serious, the masses who can not find work; don't respect people meaning will not pay attention to do ideological work, administrative work force, attitude toward the masses evil bad rebuked; awareness of the law and policy ideas is not strong, not in accordance with the law and legal procedures, arbitrary misappropriate by taking of project funds, to deceive the masses, and fool superior; the masses deduction of property, and the masses of money owed, on account, a bunch of problems depend, against the interests of the masses. The village, community organizations and so on have a needle to solve the ability to lead the masses out of poverty to get rich The policy is not strong, and is not in place, excellent affectionate friends and other issues.According to our actual County, county led the leadership and leading cadres to solve outstanding neglect of theoretical study, relaxed ideological uplifting, the transformation of the subjective world is not enough; the development of consciousness is not strong, the lack of a pioneering spirit of innovation and development of extension and planning work style, the starting point is not high; the work style of the wind drift, work strength is insufficient promote the working poor, pointing problem. Agatanoatae departments (units) to solve the conflict outstanding overall awareness is not strong, a unit of interests, to push and push, can avoid to be avoided, "buck" style of play; the wind is not practical, formalism, take office remote command, issue orders left and right; the development of service ability; On the higher level policy is not strong, don't eat thoroughly, grasp the information held to get large projects, good projects, not many democratic consciousness; indifferent Bo, autocratic, project implementation and financial management policy is not strict, not according to the provisions of the compression three funds, private, a "small exchequer" work, reception and public service vehicles to exceed the standard, Gongjusiyong, gongsibufen; discipline loose, fine depressed, apathetic, baggy collapse. Problems of law enforcement and supervision departments and window units, service industry to solve the standard process prominent light weight rights bureau, light duty, light service charge, regardless of weight, the global and the interests of the masses, not As slow as, as the chaos; are keen to shout slogans, slogans, really not good in service, and do practical things. Problems of Rural Township, street leading bodies and leading cadres to solve outstanding stem development consciousness is not strong, unclear thinking, with the current situation, progress, innovation consciousness is not strong. The work did not pick up, appearance change is the sense of purpose; desalination, not understanding of public opinion, not good at doing all the work of the masses, reflect some problems of setting aside, long failed; style is not democracy, serious paternalism, listen to different views, "What I say goes. Tang; hhrrc idle away in seeking pleasure and so on village. Community organizations and so on, but also highlight the fabric to solve the ideological concept of old concept, weak, lazy, too and, fighting force is not enough to play enough; lack of respect for the masses, work without principles, they enforced the policy breach of privilege, engage in "shrink aliasing," local policies, damage the interests of the masses;; the lack of sense of responsibility, avoid everything to hide things timid, occupied the position of secretary, shape useless work method; rough simple, engage in coercion, resort to deceit, and abuse of power, lawlessness and other issues. The school to highlight the occupation belief to solve read shake, the spirit of dedication is not enough, the lack of a noble. Desalination, realm, the status of the student body, the spirit of unremitting slack, satisfied with the existing level and achievement; school administrative management, value orientation of utilitarianism, than the performance to be better than the treatment, than fame, accepted by the parents a gift, education and teaching quality is not high, the reform of teaching and research ability is not strong; school behavior is not standardized, weight should try, light quality, disorderly enrollment, charges fees, arbitrary subscription supplementary information, not before class preparation, classroom lecture class disorderly mess, makeup, do not read homework, "" day "phenomenon. The problems in medical and health institutions to solve the outstanding health ethics is not high Yifeng is, dedication is not enough, The lack of a sense of responsibility, minor illnesses Dazhi, prescription; service, cumbersome procedures, registration fees, and the time of taking the medicine, long treatment time is short, efficiency is not high; treat patients face cold tone, gas blunt, arrogant, buck passing skin, the doctor-patient relationship is not harmonious; professional ability is not strong, service quality is not high, climbing competition prevailed; the spirit of low-spirited vibration, lax discipline, and post their income by kickbacks and envelopes, patients receiving home family banquets and other issues. The non-public economic group organization to resolve outstanding overall concept, social responsibility is not strong, law-abiding integrity consciousness about the production and operation, and service quality is not high; reform Development and upgrading of the reform is not active, internal management institutions are not scientific, major issues in decision-making democracy is not high degree of democracy, disregard of the interests of workers, job consumption is not standardized and other issues.Authorities at all levels and their subordinate units and grassroots organizations should focus on solving it organization slack, slack discipline problems. To deepen and expand the effectiveness of the storm action as an important content of various organs to carry out educational practice activities, continue to play well to improve the style of work, the transformation of government functions, optimizing the administrative environment, standardize administrative law enforcement act, the implementation of major responsibility "55 big battle" to further improve the service quality and administrative efficiency, establish a good image of good.(two) focus on solving the problem of the vital interests of the massesAdhere to the people convenience, in trying to force, according to the principle of cutting to protect and improve people's livelihood work, perfecting the social security system, and strive to improve the level of basic public service equalization etc., so that the people share more to enjoy the fruits of reform and development. The group to meet the needs of the masses, increase investment, product positive measures to do a number of large audience, benefit benefit deep practical good, strive to solve the masses of medical school, medical treatment, road, housing, employment and other aspects. On the surface, safeguard the interests of the masses, improve the implementation of the constraint system, and improve the cost of illegal, increase accountability accountability force Degree, efforts to solve the ecological environment, food and drug safety, production safety, social security, law enforcement and judicial law, land acquisition and other aspects of public interests. The damage to people around the urban and rural integration, and accelerate the pace of construction of small towns, counties and small towns to improve the road, water, electricity, heating, gas, housing etc. infrastructure, continue to do a good job of urban management, focusing on remediation litter, chaotic pendulum stalls, the vehicle vehicle parked. Around the help do poverty alleviation, push the "double" action "and" 1236 "anti poverty crucial action, with Gai Shanji and infrastructure to increase the income of the farmers as the focus, vigorously implement the whole force village and easily Poverty alleviation moving relocation project, cultivation of fruit, potatoes, livestock, vegetables, and other special industries, grasp the dynamic training of rural social assistance work in labour, and efforts to solve the problem of production and life of the poor vulnerable groups. Around the body construction of harmonious society, strengthen the communication with the masses sincerely, smooth mass appeal channels expression channels, do conflict investigation and the product to resolve the backlog work, maintain social stability, enhance the sense of security, improve the satisfaction degree, let the masses feel the social fairness and justice.(three) efforts to solve the problem of contact service masses "last mile"In order to strengthen the construction of service-oriented grassroots party organization as the starting point, focus on grasping the party building, to maintain stability, promote development, to further promote the vanguard of Hui Hui's people's livelihood, actions, and lay a solid foundation of innovation. The service of the masses organization party organization set up, take the mining village enterprises, the construction of "" multinational joint building "," regional construction "industry chain branch etc., continuous optimization of grassroots party organizations, Party organizations and expand the coverage of work covered. Grasp grasp leader team construction, conscientiously implement the provincial Party committee" on the further strengthening of the village Party Secretary team building meeting >, optimal selection with strong village leaders, and strengthen college-graduate village official (Village The Ministry of Education) and tracking management, focus on building a strong sense of service, service ability and strong team, grass-roots party organization Secretary style of service good. Do the development of Party member, strict entrance fall off ", implement the three class, public commitment, democratic appraisal education management system and give full play to vanguard role. As the service of the masses into the rich carrier, to further expand the" red flag terrace Kingdom party brand connotation, establish and perfect the whole villages and towns, streets and villages, community public service outlets, the implementation of the party organization and party commitment Jiannuo, twinning, window units and service industries such as instant evaluation price System, the full implementation of the "line of work", "public pipeline engineering", "five vanguard", the "party shifangang" star rating, a rating of the party, grassroots organizations to enhance service function and improve the service level. Security guarantee system, to establish a stable base group and basic public organization operation. Service fee funds safeguard mechanism, strengthen the village collective economic accumulation, promote human, money, material, further implement love and tilt to the grassroots, grassroots cadres policy, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the service of the masses, to ensure that all work, rich work