Unit,3Could,you,please,clean,your,room？
时间：2021-01-10 08:00:16 来源：达达文档网 本文已影响 人 
1. fold v 折叠；对折
拓展 unfold 展开
Fold the card.
折叠这张卡片。
2. mess n杂乱；不整洁
The room was in a mess.
这个房间杂乱不堪。
“What a mess ！” she said after the party.
聚会后她说：“真是一片狼藉！”
拓展
make a mess弄脏；搞成一团糟
The kids made a mess in the living room.
孩子们把客厅搞得一塌糊涂。
3. throw v（threw； thrown）扔；掷
Throw me the car keys.
= Throw the car keys to me.
把车钥匙扔给我。
Dont throw your trash on the ground. Throw it in the trash can.
别把垃圾丢在地上。丢到垃圾箱里去。
短语
throw away丢弃；扔掉
throw away （sth） =throw （sth） away
She threw her coat on the bed.
她把外套随手扔在了床上。
4.neitheradv. 也不
neither在句中是副词，意为“也不”，放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人物句子须采用倒装结构：“neither+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示“……也不”
You didnt see him， and neither did I.
你没有看见他，我也没有。
拓展
（1）（两者）都不”
Neither of us felt like going out.
我俩都不想外出。
— Which one would you like？
— Neither.
—你喜欢哪一个？
—两个都不喜欢。
（2）neither … nor …意为“既不……也不……”（连接并列主语时，动词随后）
Neither the teacher nor his students know how to work out the problem.
老师和他的学生们都不知道怎么算那道题。
They speak neither French nor German， but a strange mixture of the two.
他们既非讲法语，也非德语，而是两者的古怪混合。
5. pass v. 给；递；走过；通过
pass sb sth=pass sth to sb.把某物递给某人
Can you pass me that bag by your feet？
你能把你脚边的袋子递给我吗？
They pass by the library on their way to school.
去学校途中，他们经过了图书馆。
Kevin has just passed his driving test.
凯文刚刚通过驾照考试。
6. borrow v. 借；借用
borrow sth from sb从某人那里借某物
I couldnt afford to buy any book， so I borrow them from the library.
我买不起任何书，因此我都从图书馆。
辨析：borrow /lend/keep
（1）borrow 借入 ，与from 连用，尤指主语“借进来”
You can borrow some money from the bank.
你可以从银行借些钱来。
（2）lend 借出 ，与to 搭配（指借出去）
lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人
He doesnt want to lend his book to others.
他不想把书借给任何人。
（3）keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）
You can keep the book for two weeks.
这本书你可以借两周。
7. hate v. 厌恶；讨厌
hate不能用于进行时，与love相对。hate to do sth/ hate doing sth 意为讨厌做某事。
hate to do sth 讨厌做某事， 表示某次具体行为或动作。
I hate to trouble him.
我不愿麻烦他。
hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。
She hates smoking in her room.
她讨厌在她房间抽烟。
8. While conj. 与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而
while用作连词，意为“在期间；当时候”用来引导时间状语从句。
while 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词。主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。
I will give her a present while she is here.
当她来的时候我要给她一个礼物。
The walls are green， while the ceiling is white.
墙是绿色的，而天花板是白色的。
Our friends arrived while we were having dinner.
当我们吃饭的时候，朋友们来了。
9. waste n. 浪费；垃圾
I hate waste.
我讨厌浪费。
n.
a waste of time 浪费时间 a waste of money 浪费金钱
v 浪费
waste time on sth.在sth.上浪费时间
waste time （in） doing sth. 浪费时间做sth.
Dont waste time on computer games.=
Dont waste time in playing computer games.
不要浪费时间玩电脑游戏。
10. provide v. 提供；供应
provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth提供某人某物
The movie theater provides us with good service.
电影院为我们提供了良好的服务。
His school provided a house for him.
他的学校为他提供了一所房子。
相当于：offer sb sth = offer sth to sb
provide为应急等做好准备而“提供； 供给”provide sb. with sth.
=provide sth for sb.提供某人某物
offer侧重表示“愿意给予”offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.
对某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主动提出干某事
supply 定期“供应” ， 强调替代或补充所需物品Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物
10. develop v
拓展
development n 发展→developing adj. 发展的 →developed adj. 发达的
a developing country 一个发展中国家a developed country 一个发达国家
11. since conj. 因为 既
Since it is late， I shall go home now. 由于时间晚 现
12. drop v.落下；掉下.
Be careful not to drop that plate.
小心别把盘子摔了。
拓展
（使）变弱，降低，减少
The team has dropped to third place. 这个队已降至第三名。
She dropped her voice .她压低了声音。
重点短语
1. take out 取出
跟代词做宾语，代词放中间； 跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边
拓展
take out the trash 倒垃圾take a walk 散步take away 拿走，取走
take back 收回take place 发生take off脱下； 起飞
The gift is in the box. You can take it out.
2. in order to 目的是；为了
意为“为了”引导目的状语从句，可放句首或句中。常用结构：
in order to+动词原形
否定形式：in order not to+动词原形
In order to catch up with the others the girl works even harder.
为了赶上其他同学，那个女孩学习更加努力了。
3. as soon as一…就 （遵循主将从现原则）
I want to see him as soon as he arrives.
他一到我就要见他。.
As soon as you do this， youll lose control.
你一旦做了这件事，就会失去控制。
3.depend on依靠，依赖； 决 于
Just depend on me. Ill be able to lead you there.
放心吧会 你带 哪儿
I dont want to depend on too much on my parents.
我不想过 。
4.take care of = look after照顾
Please help me take care of my baby when I am out.
我出去时请帮我照顾好我的小孩。
即时练习
1. Please call me you get home.
请你一到家就给我打电话。昨天他一听到这个消息就走了
2. His teeth hurt badly. The dentist .
A .take out it B. take out them C. take it out D .take them out
3. 用borrow/lend 填空
Can I your pen？ =Can you me your pen？
4. The boy （throw） an apple to his friend just now.
5. 翻译：take out the rubbish fold the clothes
参考答案： 1. as soon as 2. D 3.borrow； lend 4. threw 5. 倒垃圾；折衣服
基本语法
语法专项：
情态动词could委婉地表请求和征询许可。
1. 本单元中，情态动词could的用法：用于有礼貌地提出要求或请求准许，用于疑问句，代替can，在时间上与can没有区别，但语气要比can委婉、有礼貌。回答时要用can，不能用could。肯定回答还可用Sure./ Certainly./ Yes， sure./ No problem./ With pleasure.等；否定回答还可以用Im afraid not.等。
2. could的其他用法：
（1）could为can的过去式，表示能力。
She could swim at the age of seven.
（2）表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用于否定句和疑问句，此时could与can无时间上的区别，但语气比can缓和，情绪要弱。
He couldnt/ cant be over fifty.
Who could/ can have taken it？
（3）表示可能性，指对将来、现在或过去某种可能的推测。
The book could be Mikes.
He likes reading science books.
The windows are open.
He could have come back.
（4）用于虚拟语气句。
How I wish I could go with you！
我多么希望能和你一起去呀！
助记：情态动词could的用法：表示请求与准许，could委婉有礼貌；表示能力会不会，could只把过去表；表示怀疑不相信，could缓和情绪弱；推测可能用could，虚拟语气也常用。
