包头地区罹患痛风的相关因素研究
时间：2021-01-16 12:05:07 来源：达达文档网 本文已影响 人 
闫慧明 安燕 齐革清 刘远 刘咏梅 党彤 石继海 张雪
【摘 要】目的：調查包头地区痛风患者发病情况。方法：包头市3家医院门诊就诊的983例痛风患者通过手机扫描调查问卷二维码，在线填写调查问卷，下载问卷数据进行统计。结果：男女比例为4∶1，31～50岁发病率高，蒙古族发病率低于汉族，市区发病率高于城镇和乡村，工作稳定、收入高者发病率高，高学历者发病率高，中上等收入者发病率高，饮白酒为主要发病诱因，初发部位为足部，发病诱因以饮酒和高嘌呤饮食发病率高，家族中有高血压者易患痛风，易合并高脂血症和高血压;痛风的危险因素包括男性、饮酒、每天饮用（果汁、可乐）含糖饮料的量、食用柑橘类水果的次数，保护因素是食用青菜的次数和吸烟;女性痛风更易患脑血管病;家族中有高血压和糖尿病史的痛风患者更易患高脂血症和脑血管病，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论：男性、汉族、白领、高学历者居住市区及城镇发病率高;饮白酒者和不吸烟者发病率高;首发部位以足跖趾关节、踝关节为主;家族中有高血压和糖尿病者易患痛风，有家族史的痛风患者更易患高脂血症和脑血管病;痛风男性患者易合并高脂血症、高血压病、心脑血管病;女性痛风更易患脑血管病;痛风的危险因素包括男性、饮酒、饮含糖饮料量和食用柑橘类水果次数，保护因素是食用青菜次数和吸烟。
【关键词】 痛风;临床;饮食;相关因素;调查
Related Factors of Gout in Baotou AreaYAN Hui-ming，AN Yan，QI Ge-qing，LIU Yuan，LIU Yong-mei，DANG Tong，SHI Ji-hai，ZHANG Xue
【ABSTRACT】Objective：To investigate the incidence of gout in Baotou area.Methods：Nine hundred and eighty-three gout patients from three hospitals in Baotou City were required to scan the QR code by mobile phone and filled in the questionnaire online.The questionnaire data were downloaded for statistics.Results：The ratio of male to female was 4∶1.The incidence rate is high from 31 to 50 years old，with the Mongolian lower than Han nationality and urban areas higher than that of towns and villages.The incidence rate is high among those with stable job，high or middle income，or high education.Drinking and high purine diet are the main causes of the disease which begins with foot.The family members of hypertension are prone to gout，easily complicated with hyperlipidemia and hypertension.The risk factors of gout included male，alcohol consumption，daily consumption of sugary drinks（juice，cola） and citrus fruits.The protective factors were eating vegetables and smoking.The female with gout are more likely to suffer from cerebrovascular disease.Gout patients with family history of hypertension and diabetes are more likely to suffer from hyperlipidemia and cerebral blood.The difference was statistically significant（P < 0.05）.Conclusion：The incidence rate of the male white collar of Han with high education living in urban or town is high;the incidence rate among the drinker and non-smokers is also high.The gout begins mainly with feet and ankle joints.Family members with
hypertension and diabetes are susceptible to gout.Patients with family history of gout are more likely to suffer from hyperlipidemia and
cerebrovascular diseases.The risk factors of gout include male，drinking，sugary drinks and citrus fruits，and the protective factors are eating vegetables and smoking.
痛风发病在包头地区逐年上升，由于本研究设计方法及例数有限，未能全面反映本地区痛风发病的真实情况，希望本研究对临床有指导作用，同时引起高危人群和各级医务人员的重视。除了常见的诱因外，食用含糖水果与饮料多、生活节奏快、体育锻炼少、饮食不健康、饮酒多、睡眠少、心理压力大等因素均可诱发痛风。
本研究发现包头地区发生痛风在生活习惯方面新的危险因素和保护因素，了解生活习惯可以预防痛风发生的重要性，更新合理的生活习惯观念，增强医务人员及疾病预防工作人员对痛风的重视程度，增强患者对HUA的认知和自我管理意识，逐渐形成痛風及HUA患者的“三级预防理念”。
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收稿日期：2019-09-24;修回日期：2019-12-17
